Which technique is NOT part of the tools and techniques for controlling costs?

• A. Data analysis
• B. Expert judgement
• C. Human resource planning
• D. To-complete performance index (TCPI)

Answer: (C)

Human resource planning is focused on identifying and managing the project team and ensuring that the right human resources are available and utilized effectively throughout the project. While it is essential for project management, it does not directly deal with the monitoring and controlling of project costs.

In contrast, the other options—data analysis, expert judgment, and the to-complete performance index (TCPI)—are all directly pertinent to cost control. Data analysis helps in assessing cost performance by evaluating cost variances and trends, expert judgment provides insights based on experience in managing similar projects, and the TCPI is a financial metric used to forecast the cost performance required to complete a project within its budget. All of these techniques are integral to effectively monitoring and controlling a project's costs, which is why human resource planning stands out as not being part of this specific function.